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Buland Darwaza ((ヒンディー語:बुलंद दरवाज़ा), ,〔"Buland Darwaza" means 'high' or 'great' gate in Urdu.〕 ), or the "Gate of Magnificence", was built in 1576 A.D. by Akbar to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It is the main entrance to the palace at Fatehpur Sikri, a town which is 43 km from Agra, India.〔There is another memorial gate called the "Buland Darwaza" at the Dargah Sharif in Ajmer, Rajasthan, , and another in Hyderabad near the Golconda Fort.〕 Buland Darwaza is the highest gateway in the world and is an example of Mughal architecture. It displays Akbar's empire.〔http://www.agraindia.org.uk/fatehpur-sikri/monuments/buland-darwaza.html〕〔 http://www.culturalindia.net/monuments/buland-darwaza.html〕 ==Architecture== The Buland Darwaza is made of red and buff sandstone, decorated by white and black marble and is higher than the courtyard of the mosque. The Buland Darwaza is symmetrical and is topped by large free standing kiosks, which are the chhatris. It also has at top center the Buland Darwaza style roof terrace edge gallery-kiosks on the roof, stylized buckler-battlements, small minar-spires, and inlay work with white and black marble. On the outside a long flight of steps sweeps down the hill giving the gateway additional height. It is 40 metres high and 50 metres from the ground. The total height of the structure is about 54 metres from the ground level. It is a 15-storied high gateway acting as the southern entrance of the city of Fatehpur Sikri. The approach to the gate consists of 42 steps. It is semi octagonal in plan and two smaller triple-storeyed wings on either side. It has three kiosks on its top surrounded by thirteen smaller domed kiosks. There are smaller turrets surrounding the gateway.〔〔 The expanse is broken by arched niches, small chhatries and marble highlights. It highlights the courtyard of the Jami Masjid. The principal arch stands in the centre of three projecting sides and topped by a dome. The central arch is broken into three tiers with rows of smaller arches and flat brackets.〔 Subhadra Sen Gupta(2013), page 186-187, " Fatehpur Sikri: Akbars magnificent city on a hil",Niyogi books. ISBN 9789381523728.〕 The great gate itself is plain. The three horizontal panels of buff stone noticeable in Badshahi Darwaza are also present here. The plain red sandstone spandrels are framed in white marble with a flower like ornament inlaid in white marble at the apex of the arch, and a flattish rosette, centered with the narrow panel above it, on either side. The cusped ornament, large and bold in fact, but small and delicate when seen from below, is carried down below the springing of the arch. Two pieces have been broken off from the left hand side and eight from the right.The arch has three actual openings bordered by decorative panels and superimposed by three other arched openings crowned by a semi-dome.〔〔 The total height of the Gate above the pavement is 176 ft. A Persian inscription on eastern archway of the Buland Darwaza records Akbar's conquest over ''Uttar Pradesh'' and the victory in ''Gujarat'' in 1601. An inscription on the central face of the Buland Darwaza describes Akbar's religious openness. It took nearly 12 years to make the highest gateway. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Buland Darwaza」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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